بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
SHARH OF THE 40 HADEETH OF HADEETH NUMBER 7
''HOW TO BE SINCERE TO THE LEADERS OF THE MUSLIMS''
13.10.2012 (Night Dars)
Bismillah…
HADEETH NUMBER 7.5
الحديث السابع
«عن أبي رقية تميم بن أوس الداري رضي الله تعالى
عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال الدين النصيحة. قلنا: لمن؟ قال لله،
ولكتابه، ولرسوله، ولأئمة المسلمين وعامتهم» .
رواه مسلم.
On the
authority of Tameem ibn Aus ad-Daree (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The deen (religion) is
naseehah (advice, sincerity)." We said "To whom?" He (ﷺ) said "To Allah, His Book, His
Messenger, and to the leaders of the Muslims and their common folk."
Related by Muslim.
-in order to be sincere to them certain conditions have to be met.
THE 7 TYPES OF MUSLIM LEADERS
1. THE HUSBAND IN THE HOUSEHOLD
-because Allah said:
Men are the protectors and maintainers of women,
because Allāh has made one of them to excel the other, and because they spend
(to support them) from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly
obedient (to Allāh and to their husbands), and guard in the husband's absence
what Allāh orders them to guard (e.g. their chastity, their husband's property,
etc.). As to those women on whose part you see ill¬conduct, admonish them
(first), (next), refuse to share their beds, (and last) beat them (lightly, if
it is useful), but if they return to obedience, seek not against them means (of
annoyance). Surely, Allāh is Ever Most High, Most Great. (An-Nisa 4:34)
-if the husband is not the leader then the shaytan becomes the ameer
-the prophet (ﷺ) said:
It was narrated from Ibn ‘Umar that the Prophet
(ﷺ) said: “Each of you is a shepherd
and each of you is responsible for his flock. The ruler is a shepherd and is
responsible for his flock; the man is the shepherd of his family members and is
responsible for them; the woman is the shepherd of her husband’s house and
children and is responsible for them; the slave is the shepherd of his master’s
wealth and is responsible for it. Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is
responsible for his flock.” [al-Bukhari #853 and Muslim #1829]
2. THE AMEER OF A JAMAA'A
-there is nothing wrong with obeying them as long as they obey Allah اللهُ سبحانه وتعالى
-they are chosen by a panel
3. THE CALIPH OF THE UMMAH
-Allah said:
Those (Muslim rulers) who, if We give them power
in the land, (they) order for Iqamat-as-Salāt. [i.e. to perform the five
compulsory congregational Salāt (prayers) (the males in mosques)], to pay the
Zakāt and they enjoin Al-Ma'rûf (i.e. Islāmic Monotheism and all that Islām
orders one to do), and forbid Al-Munkar (i.e. disbelief, polytheism and all
that Islām has forbidden) [i.e. they make the Qur'ān as the law of their
country in all the spheres of life]. And with Allāh rests the end of (all)
matters (of creatures). (Al-Hajj 22:41)
-those leaders who when given power establish salah and zakah on earth
4. THE MILITARY LEADER
-e.g. Ameer al Khattab was the leader in Chechnya
-Usaama bin Laden was the leader in Afghanistan
-Yahya al Libi was also a leader
-may Allah have mercy on them all
And obey Allāh and His Messenger, and do not
dispute (with one another) lest you lose courage and your strength depart, and
be patient. Surely, Allāh is with those who are As-Sābirin (the patient ones,
etc.). (Al-Anfal 8:46)
-Abu Musa al Zarqawi (RH) was a leader in Iraq
-you have to obey the military leaders
5. THE IMAM OF THE MASJID
-the prophet said the one with most knowledge of Qur'an should lead
Abu Sa'id narrates the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "If you are three in
number, then one of you should be the imam. And the one who has the most right
to it is the one who is the most versed in the Qur'an." [Sahih Muslim
(1/464) No. 672, Musnad Ahmad (3/24) No. 11206, Sunan An-Nasa'i (2/103) No.
840]
Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: "The one who is
most versed in Allah's Book should act as Imam for the people, but If they are
equally versed in reciting it, then the one who has most knowledge regarding
Sunnah if they are equal regarding the Sunnah, then the earliest one to
emigrate; if they emigrated at the same time, then the earliest one to embrace
Islam. No man must lead another in prayer where (the latter) has authority, or
sit in his place of honour in his house, without his permission." Ashajj
in his narration used the word, "age" in place of "Islam".
[Sahih Muslim (1/465) No. 673, Musnad Ahmad (4/118) No. 17104, Sunan Tirmidhi
(1/458) No. 235, Sunan Abu Dawud (1/214) No. 582, Sunan Ibn Majah (2/121) No.
980]
-so when you go the house of your brother he leads the salah
-but sometimes you go to give da’wah to a weak Muslim
-in this case you are forced to lead him
6. THE GOVERNOR OF A COUNTRY
-when there is a caliphate each country has a governor
-and they answer to the caliph
7. THE QAADI IN THE COURT HOUSE
-he is not allowed to take bribes
Verily, We did send down the Taurāt (Torah) [to
Mûsa (Moses)], therein was guidance and light, by which the Prophets, who
submitted themselves to Allāh's Will, judged the Jews. And the rabbis and the
priests [too judged the Jews by the Taurāt (Torah) after those Prophets] for to
them was entrusted the protection of Allāh's Book, and they were witnesses
thereto. Therefore fear not men but fear Me (O Jews) and sell not My Verses for
a miserable price. And whosoever does not judge by what Allāh has revealed,
such are the Kāfirûn (i.e. disbelievers - of a lesser degree as they do not act
on Allāh's Laws). (Al-Ma'idah 5:44)
Ibn Mas`ud was asked (by the people of Iraq),
What is rashwa (taking bribes)? He replied, "This is suht (unlawful
earning)." They said, "No, we meant in ruling." He then said,
"This is the very kufr." Then he recited: "...And whosoever does
not judge by what Allah has revealed, such are the Kafirun." (Al-Ma'idah
5:44) [Tafsir al-Tabari (10/321) No. 11960, Tafsir Ibn Kathir (3/119)]
The majority of scholars are of the view that it
is not permissible for a woman to be appointed as a judge, and if she is
appointed, the one who appointed her is sinning, and her appointment is
invalid, and her judgements carry no weight, no matter what ruling she passes.
This is the view of the Maalikis, Shaafa’is and Hanbalis, and of some of the
Hanafis. [See: Bidaayat al-Mujtahid (2/531); al-Majmoo’ (20/127); al-Mughni
(11/350)]
Most jurist don’t allow women to be judges in the courthouse
-only Abu Hanifa allowed them
Ibn Qudaamah said: it is Sunnah, when a woman to
lead other women in prayer, for her to stand in the middle of the row in all
cases, because they are ‘awrah. [Al-Mughni, vol. 1, p. 347]
-the Malikis don’t allow women to lead other women in salah
-but the Hanafis said it is makrooh
-but the Hanbalis allow this and the Shafi’is
-and this is the correct opinion
Al-Nawawi said: The Sunnah is for a woman who is
leading other women in prayer to stand in the middle of the row, because of the
reports which state that ‘Aa’ishah and Umm Salamah led other women and they
stood in the midst of them. [Al-Majmoo’ Sharh al-Muhadhdab, vol. 4, p. 192]
On the authority of Umm al-Hasan that she saw
Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ)
leading the women in prayer. She stood with them in the same row. [Musannaf Ibn
Abi Shaybah (1/430) No. 4953]
On the authority of Ra'itha al-Hanafi that A’isha (RA) led women in praying the
obligatory prayer. She led them standing in their midst. [al-Sunan al-Kabir
al-Bayhaqi (3/187) No. 5355]
THE 12 CONDITIONS TO BE SINCERE TO YOUR MUSLIM LEADER
1. OBEY YOUR LEADER
Those in authority are the 7 mentioned above
-the husband, the ameer of a jamaa'a, the caliph, the military leader,
-the imam of the masjid, governor of a country and Qaadi in the court house
-you have to respect the verdict from the Qaadi
-these are the people in authority amongst you
O you who believe! Obey Allāh and obey the
Messenger (Muhammad ﷺ),
and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority. (And) if you differ in
anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allāh and His Messenger (ﷺ), if you believe in Allāh and in
the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination.
(An-Nisa 4:59)
You are not allowed to take your disputes to the kaafir court house
-because if you do so you are committing shirk
Have you seen those (hyprocrites) who claim that
they believe in that which has been sent down to you, and that which was sent
down before you, and they wish to go for judgement (in their disputes) to the
Tāghût (false judges, etc.) while they have been ordered to reject them. But
Shaitān (Satan) wishes to lead them far astray. (An-Nisa 4:60)
While 'Allama al-Shinqiti-May Allah be merciful
with him-has said: To commit shirk with Allah in judging is of the same meaning
as to commit shirk in His worship, there is no difference between the two in
any manner. There is no difference in any sense between he who follows a system
(nizam) other than Allah's system or law other than Allah's law (sharia) and he
who worships an idol or prostrates to a false god. They are the same and both
are polytheists [associating others] with Allah. [Adwa' al-Bayan, (7/162)]
Obedience to the leader is with a condition
-only obedience to Allah (اللهُ
سبحانه وتعالى)
and His rasool (ﷺ) is unconditional
-the condition is the leader obeys Allah
-you can’t obey the creation if the creator is disobeyed
The Qaadiyanis used the ayah (4:59) to say you have to obey the British in
India
-but we refute them with the same ayah
-Allah اللهُ سبحانه وتعالى said ‘those from among
you’
-so how are the British from among us?
O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the
Messenger (Muhammad ﷺ),
and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority… (An-Nisa 4:59)
You are to obey the Muslims
-because the prophet (ﷺ) said:
إلا أن تروا كفرا بواحا
On the authority of Ubada bin As-Samit the
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
said: “…topple the leader if you see clear kufr...” [al-Bukhari (7056) and
Muslim (1709)]
2. YOU NEED TO RESPECT THE LEADER
-the hadith said:
It has been narrated on the authority of 'Auf b.
Malik that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
said: The best leader is the one where mutual love exists between him and the
people, and the worst leader generates mutual hate... [Sahih Muslim, Book 20,
Hadith #4573]
-when you respect the leader you respect the prophet
-and when you respect him you respect Allah
-Allah said:
O you who believe! Do not put (yourselves)
forward before Allāh and His Messenger (ﷺ),
and fear Allāh. Verily! Allāh is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. (Al-Hujurat 49:1)
O you who believe! Raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet (ﷺ), nor speak aloud to him in talk as
you speak aloud to one another, lest your deeds may be rendered fruitless while
you perceive not. (Al-Hujurat 49:2)
-the ayah said don’t raise your voice to the leader or speak to him with disrespect
-this means the pious muslim leaders not the apostate leaders like Abdullah
Salih
3. YOU NEED TO LOVE YOUR LEADER
-because of the hadith:
Al-Ash'ari said, "Part of respect for Allah
is to show respect to an old Muslim and to someone who knows the Qur'an, as
long as he does not go to excess in it nor turn away from it, and to respect a
just ruler." [Al-Adab al-Mufrad Al-Bukhari, Hadith #357]
It has been narrated on the authority of 'Auf b. Malik that the Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ) said: The best leader is the one
where mutual love exists between him and the people, and the worst leader
generates mutual hate... [Sahih Muslim, Book 20, Hadith #4573]
4. DONT ASK YOUR LEADER EXCESSIVE QUESTIONS
-remember the story of the children of Israel and prophet Musa (a.s)
-when they were commanded to kill a cow
And (remember) when Mûsa (Moses) said to his
people: "Verily, Allāh commands you that you slaughter a cow." They
said, "Do you make fun of us?" He said, "I take Allāh's Refuge
from being among Al-Jāhilûn (the ignorants or the foolish)." (Al-Baqarah
2:67)
They said, "Call upon your Lord for us that He may make plain to us what
it is!" He said, "He says, 'Verily, it is a cow neither too old nor
too young, but (it is) between the two conditions', so do what you are
commanded." (Al-Baqarah 2:68)
On the authority of Abu Hurairah (RA) who said:
I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
say: “What I have forbidden for you, avoid. What I have ordered you [to do], do
as much of it as you can. For verily, it was only the excessive questioning and
their disagreeing with their Prophets that destroyed [the nations] who were
before you” [al-Bukhari (7288) and Muslim (1337)]
-the prophet forbade us from excessive questioning
There are etiquettes in asking questions
-the prophet said when the Jews started asking excessive questions
-Allah became difficult on them
The hypocrites, men and women, are from one
another, they enjoin (on the people) Al-Munkar (i.e. disbelief and polytheism
of all kinds and all that Islām has forbidden), and forbid (people) from
Al-Ma'rûf (i.e. Islāmic Monotheism and all that Islām orders one to do), and
they close their hands [from giving (spending in Allāh's Cause) alms, etc.].
They have forgotten Allāh, so He has forgotten them. Verily, the hypocrites are
the Fāsiqûn (rebellious, disobedient to Allāh). (At-Tawbah 9:67)
-the way you treat Allah is the same way He will treat you
-if you come to Him walking He will come to you running
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (RA), who said
that the Prophet (ﷺ)
said: "Allah the Almighty said: 'I am as My servant thinks I am. I am with
him when he makes mention of Me. If he makes mention of Me to himself, I make
mention of him to Myself; and if he makes mention of Me in an assembly, I make
mention of him in an assembly better than it. And if he draws near to Me an
arm's length, I draw near to him a fathom's length. And if he comes to Me
walking, I go to him at speed." [al-Bukhari (7405) also by Muslim (2675),
at-Tirmidhi (2388) and Ibn Majah (3822)]
Don’t make life difficult for your leaders
-by asking excessive questions
Abu Huraira (RA) reported: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) addressed us and said: O people,
Allah has made Hajj obligatory for you; so perform Hajj. Thereupon a person
said: Messenger of Allah, (is it to be performed) every year? He (the Holy
Prophet) kept quiet, and he repeated (these words) thrice, whereupon Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ) said: If I were to say
"Yes," it would become obligatory (for you to perform it every year)
and you would not be able to do it. Then he said: Leave me with what I have
left to you, for those who were before you were destroyed because of excessive
questioning, and their opposition to their apostles. So when I command you to
do anything, do it as much as it lies in your power and when I forbid you to do
anything, then abandon it. [Sahih Muslim, Book 7, Hadith #3095]
A man was kicked out of the study circle of Imam Malik because he asked a dodgy
question
-a munafiq only asks questions only Allah can answer
-this is because he is searching for a reason to apostate from Islam
Ja'far Ibn Abdullah narrated: We were with Malik
Ibn Anas when a man came to him and said: “O Abu Abdullah (Allah said)
'Ar-Rahman upon the Throne Istawa' (20:5), how was His Istiwa? Imam Malik inclined
his head and was silent until the sweat of fever covered his brow, then he
looked up and said: "Istiwa is not unknown, the Kayf (how) is
uncomprehendable, believing in it is wajib (obligatory), and asking about it is
bid'ah (innovation), and I do not think that you are anything but an
innovator." Then he ordered that the man be expelled. [Abu-Naeem
Al-Asbahani in 'Hilyatul-Awliya wa Tabaqat Al-Asfiya' (Vol. 6, pg. 325-326)]
5. DON’T CREATE MUTINY
-this person is called a murjif
-it means to incite the people to break away from the jamaa'a
Allah said some Muslims will listen to the murjif
-because they are unwise
-Allah said:
Had they marched out with you, they would have
added to you nothing except disorder, and they would have hurried about in your
midst (spreading corruption) and sowing sedition among you, and there are some
among you who would have listened to them. And Allāh is the All-Knower of the
Zālimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers, etc.). (At-Tawbah 9:47)
-some Muslims are wise and can smell the munafiq a mile away
-but some are unsuspecting
-they are not wise and get ripped off of their life savings
Remember the story when Uthman led salah in mina and did not shorten and join
-Abdullah ibn Mas'ood did not rebel against him because he said disunity is
evil
-it is not always good to speak out
-sometimes you have to turn a blind eye
Abd-Allaah ibn Masood (RA), who criticized
Uthmaan (RA) for offering the prayer in full in Mina, but despite that he also
offered the prayer in full. When he was asked about that he said: Disunity is
evil. [Narrated by Abu Dawood (2/199) No. 1960]
Many times Ibn Abbaas didn’t agree with Umar but he kept quiet
-e.g. when Umar doubled the punishment for the alcoholic and counting 3
divorces as one
-so why do you like to spread fitna amongst the Muslims?
6. GIVE THE LEADER SINCERE ADVICE TO BENEFIT THE DEEN
-because the prophet (saw) said:
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (RA) as
saying: Six are the rights of a Muslim over another Muslim. It was said to him:
Allah's Messenger, what are these? Thereupon he said: When you meet him, offer
him greetings; when he invites you to a feast accept it, when he seeks your
council give him, and when he sneezes and says: "All praise is due to
Allah," you say Yarhamuk Allah (may Allah show mercy to you); and when he
falls ill visit him; and when he dies follow his bier. [Sahih Muslim (4/1705)
No. 2162, Musnad Ahmad (2/372) No. 8832, al-Adab al-Mufrad al-Bukhari No. 925]
7. DONT PUT PRESSURE ON THE LEADER TO SELL OUT
-many times a person starts jihad and then the people say to him
-let us switch to democracy
-this is what happened to ikhwanul muslimeen in Egypt
-they were salafi jihadi in the beginning
How can you get rid of Bashar Al Assad who is a murderer with the ballot?
-only the bullet can defeat him
-so the only correct manhaj is jihad not democracy
-you have to use Shari’ah not manmade laws
-e.g. in their laws a man is equal to a woman, a Hindu is equal to a Muslim
-or every man is free to leave his religion
-or you have to accept the opinion of everyone
How can you put the Muslims and the kuffaar on the same even keel?
-Allah said:
The believers, men and women, are Auliyā'
(helpers, supporters, friends, protectors) of one another, they enjoin (on the
people) Al-Ma'rûf (i.e. Islāmic Monotheism and all that Islām orders one to
do), and forbid (people) from Al-Munkar (i.e. polytheism and disbelief of all
kinds, and all that Islām has forbidden); they perform As-Salāt
(Iqāmat-as-Salāt) and give the Zakāt, and obey Allāh and His Messenger. Allāh
will have His Mercy on them. Surely Allāh is All-Mighty, All-Wise. (At-Tawbah
9:71)
8. DONT TOPPLE YOUR MUSLIM LEADER UNTILL YOU SEE CLEAR KUFR
-we have seen the kufr of some leaders implementing Baathism
-like Ghadafi, Saddam Hussein
-to implement riba banks is clear kufr
Taariq bin Shihab reports that when Umar (RA)
was travelling to Shaam, Abu Ubaydah bin Jarraah (RA) was accompanying him.
When they arrived at a point where they had to wade across, Umar (RA) alighted
from his camel, removed his leather socks and threw them over his shoulders. He
then took hold of the reins of the camel and waded through. "O Ameerul
Mu'mineen!" Abu Ubaydah (RA) said, "Are you doing that?! Do you also
remove your leather socks, throw them over your shoulders, take hold of the
reins of the camel and then wade through?! I would not like the people of that
city (where we are headed) to see you like this." "O, Abu Ubaydah!
Had anyone other than you made such a statement, I would have made him a lesson
for the Ummah of Muhammad (ﷺ).
We were once amongst the lowest of people, but Allaah gave us honour because of
Islaam. As soon as we start to seek honour in avenues other than that in which
Allaah has granted us honour, Allaah will then humiliate us." [Mustadrak
al-Hakim (1/130) No. 207]
9. DONT TAKE SIDES WITH THE ENEMIES OF ISLAM AGAINST YOUR LEADER
-because of the ayah
O you who believe! Take not the Jews and the
Christians as Auliyā' (friends, protectors, helpers, etc.), they are but Auliyā'
to one another. And if any amongst you takes them as Auliyā', then surely he is
one of them. Verily, Allāh guides not those people who are the Zālimûn
(polytheists and wrong¬doers and unjust). (Al-Ma'idah 5:51)
10. DON’T HIGHLIGHT THE NEGATIVE PERSONAL CHARACTERS OF THE LEADER
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace
be upon him) as saying: The servant (who conceals) the faults of others in this
world, Allah would conceal his faults on the Day of Resurrection. [Sahih
Muslim, Book 32, Hadith #6267]
11. DONT CALL THE LEADER BY DERROGOTARY NAMES
-you are not allowed to belittle him with these names
-Allah forbade us from doing so
Those of the bedouins who lagged behind will say
to you: "Our possessions and our families occupied us, so ask forgiveness
for us." They say with their tongues what is not in their hearts. Say:
"Who then has any power at all (to intervene) on your behalf with Allāh,
if He intends you hurt or intends you benefit? Nay, but Allāh is Ever All-Aware
of what you do. (Al-Fath 48:11)
The prophet (ﷺ) called a sahabi Abu Huraira because he loved
cats
-he also called Ali Abu Turaab
-because he laid down in the sand and dust was on his shirt when he got up
-these are allowed nicknames
-but to give someone names they dislike is haram
12. DO NOT WITHOLD YOUR BAY'A (OATH OF ALLEGIANCE) FROM A LEGITIMATE RULER
-when there was fitna between Ali and Mu’awiya ibn Umar kept away
It has been reported on the authority of Nafi,
that 'Abdullah b. Umar paid a visit to Abdullah b. Muti' in the days (when
atrocities were perpetrated on the People Of Medina) at Harra in the time of
Yazid b. Mu'awiya. Ibn Muti' said: Place a pillow for Abu 'Abd al-Rahman
(family name of 'Abdullah b. 'Umar). But the latter said: I have not come to
sit with you. I have come to you to tell you a tradition I heard from the
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). I
heard him say: One who withdraws his hand from obedience (to the Amir) will
find no argument (in his defence) when he stands before Allah on the Day of
Judgment, and one who dies without having bound himself by an oath of
allegiance (to an Amir) will die the death of one belonging to the days of
Jahillyya. [Sahih Muslim, Book 20, Hadith #4562]
-if you don’t give the bay'a (oath of allegiance) you will cause fitna
It has been narrated on the authority of Aba
Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: When oath of allegiance has
been taken for two caliphs, kill the one for whom the oath was taken later.
[Sahih Muslim, Book 20, Hadith #4568]
...He who swears allegiance to a Caliph should
give him the pledge of his hand and the sincerity of his heart (i.e. submit to
him both outwardly as well as inwardly). He should obey him to the best of his
capacity. If another man comes forward (as a claimant to Caliphate), disputing
his authority, they (the Muslims) should behead the latter... [Sahih Muslim,
Book 20, Hadith #4546]
-and if someone is given the leadership, another person is not allowed to ask
for it
-if he does the prophet said chop off his head
-this is because the unity of the Muslims is fard
Ibn Umar gave his bay'a to Mu'awiya to stop the Muslims from fighting
-and when the Muslims gave him bay'a he was able to conquer many lands
*****UNITED WE STAND, DIVIDED WE FALL*******
Many of you ask the question why Imam Ahmad did not take up the weapon against
Ma ‘moon
-this is because of 3 reasons:
1. He implemented the Shari’ah
2. He practiced al walaa wal Barra
3. He did jihad
13. RESPOND TO HIS CALL FOR JIHAD
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما، قال: قال رسول الله
صلى الله عليه وسلم: «لا هجرة بعد الفتح، ولكن جهاد ونية، وإذا استنفرتم فانفروا»
-this is why Imam Ahmad responded to his (Ma’moon) call for jihad
-his dodgy aqeeda is left between him and Allah
14. WHEN YOU ADVICE HIM, DO SO BEHIND CLOSE DOORS NOT IN PUBLIC
On the authority of Shurayh Ibn ’Ubayd al-Hadramee and other than him who said: ’Iyaad Ibn Ghunm was whipping a person of a land which was conquered. So Hishaam Ibn Hakeem spoke harshly with him, until ’Iyaad became angry. So he stayed the night (like this) through the night, then he came to Hishaam Ibn Hakeem and sought an excuse from him. Then Hishaam said to ’Iyaad: Have you not heard the Prophet saying: “Verily the person who shall suffer the severest punishment is the one who is most severe in punishing the people in this world.” So ’Iyaad Ibn Ghunm said: “O Hishaam Ibn Hakeem! Indeed we have heard what you have heard, but you have not heard the statement of the Messenger of Allah: “Whosoever wishes to advise the ruler concerning a matter, then let him not do it openly. Rather, he should take him by the hand and take him into seclusion. So if he accepts his advice, then he has achieved his objective, and if he does not accept from him, then he has still conveyed that which was a duty upon him.” And verily you – O Hishaam – are a reckless fool – therefore, you dare to come out against the ruler of Allah. So why are you not scared that you may be killed by the ruler, so you will be one who was killed by the ruler of Allah the Blessed and Exalted?!” [Musnad Ahmad (3/403) No. 15369, Mustadrak al-Haakim (3/329) No. 5269, al-Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi (8/283) No. 16660]
-do not disgrace him
-imam Shafi'i said when someone advices you in public
-their intention was to disgrace you
-but if he advices you privately, his intention was to guide you
On Advice:
“Seek me while alone if you wish to advice me. And spare me from public recommendations. For public admonitions are a kind of criticism that is not to my persuasion. So if you disobey me and defy my words. Don't be surprised if you meet the same equation.” [Diwan ash-Shafi'i]
Many Muslims advice their husbands publicly to disgrace them
-and vice versa
"To admonish your brother in private is to advise him and improve him. But to admonish him publicly is to disgrace and shame him." Imam Shafi (no takhreej)
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